FAQs
What is retrograde cricopharyngeus dysfunction?
Retrograde cricopharyngeus dysfunction (R‑CPD) is a condition where the cricopharyngeus muscle in the upper esophageal sphincter stays closed, preventing the release of air and causing bloating, pressure, and an inability to burp.
How is R‑CPD diagnosed?
A diagnosis is made through a detailed medical interview, a “burp challenge,” and may include tests such as upper endoscopy, manometry, barium swallow, or EMG‑guided assessment to confirm muscle tightness.
Is Botox the best treatment for R‑CPD?
Yes, Botox is the first‑line, minimally invasive treatment. A single EMG‑guided injection relaxes the cricopharyngeus muscle, often restoring the ability to burp within a week with a success rate over 90 %.
What are the risks or side‑effects of a Botox injection?
Common side‑effects are mild, temporary hoarseness or slight difficulty swallowing that typically resolve within 48 hours. Serious complications are rare.
When should I consider surgery instead of Botox?
Surgery, such as a partial cricopharyngeal myotomy, is considered when Botox fails to provide lasting relief or if the patient prefers a more permanent solution despite higher invasiveness.
